安徽地区地震波衰减、场地响应及震源新参数的测定   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

沈小七  刘杰  陈宇卫  刘东旺  黄显良  王行舟 《地震地磁观测与研究》2005,26(3):1-10

根据安徽数字地震台网7个地震台的143条波形资料,研究了安徽地区的衰减模型和各台站的场地响应。采用三段几何衰减模型拟合,得到了安徽及邻近地区的几何衰减函数,得到安徽地区非弹性衰减Q值随频率f的关系为Q(f)=235.3×f0.616;7个台站的场地响应均无明显的放大效应,这与它们均处于岩石地基相符;并在本地区地震预测研究中尝试使用新参数,进行了初步的应用。  相似文献   

Arbitrary high-order finite volume schemes for seismic wave propagation on unstructured meshes in 2D and 3D     

Michael Dumbser  Martin Käser  Josep de la Puente 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,171(2):665-694

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The light transmission and seiche depth of Izmir Bay,western Turkey     

Erdem Sayin  Sezgi Adalioglu  Canan Eronat 《Journal of Earth System Science》2007,116(1):57-71

Izmir Bay is one of the most polluted estuaries in the whole Mediterranean Sea. The inner part of the Bay (Inner Bay) is heavily affected by domestic and industrial discharge. As a result of these loads, strong eutrophication occurs in the Inner Bay, which is temporally anaerobic. The ecologically sensitive approach of the local authorities during the last decade has given rise to a wide variety of monitoring and research studies on this bay. On the other hand, the municipality of Izmir started to operate wastewater treatment facilities since January 2000. The Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology — Izmir (IMST) with its research vessel R/V K Piri Reis has been conducting an intensive monitoring program since 1988 and especially during the recent few years. These investigations provide an opportunity for the evaluation of the performance of the wastewater treatment plant in terms of the change in the optical properties of Izmir Bay water in a positive manner. The turbidity values measured in these monitoring studies indicate that the values have changed drastically after January 2000. Their spatial variation indicates that the values decrease from the Inner Bay towards the Aegean Sea. The turbidity (light transmission) values are measured with an automatic CTD (conductivity, temperature and depth) system during each cruise. The seiche disc depth measurement is carried out only occasionally. The accuracy of the seiche disc depth is dependent on certain daylight conditions and depends on the operator. The seiche disc depth (D _s) is an important parameter to estimate primary production of organic matter (hereafter called production). A relation between light transmission (turbidity) value and seiche disc depth (D _s) is found with very good agreement. The correlations are very high (approximately 0.94) with slight seasonal variation.  相似文献   

海洋风暴形成的一种动力学机制   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

黄立文  吴国雄  宇如聪  秦曾灏 《气象学报》2001,59(6):674-684

文中从观测统计学、瞬变涡动能量学和 MM5中尺度数值模拟角度 ,研究了海洋风暴 (爆发性气旋 )形成的气候特征及其可能的动力学机制 ,揭示了一幅爆发性发展的物理图像。结果表明 ,在冷季大气特别是日本以东洋面上大气特有的热力气候背景下 ,通过同海洋风暴过程相联系的涡动热通量 vθ的向极地输送 (- vθ· θm>0 ) ,将季节尺度的时间平均有效位能向瞬变涡旋时间尺度的涡动有效位能转换 ,是海洋风暴形成的主要动力机制。在该过程中转换来的具有最大贡献的涡动有效位能 ,连同具有次大贡献的积云加热制造的涡动有效位能(q3 )一起 ,通过暖异常区 (α >0 )暖湿空气上升运动 (-ω >0 )的斜压转换 (-ωα) ,促使涡动动能增长。同时 ,补充的涡动有效位能又加强了暖异常区的暖湿空气上升运动 ,进而产生积云对流活动及其潜热释放的正反馈过程 ,最终导致涡动动能急剧增长和海洋风暴的形成。海-气潜热输送的作用是在风暴形成初期提供后来积云尺度对流活动及潜热释放的水汽潜力。研究还表明 ,海洋风暴主要发生在冷季月份 1 3 0°E以东的中高纬洋面上 ,这种对特定季节和特定海域的依赖性是大气和海洋气候背景的动力 /热力共同作用的结果  相似文献   

中国夏季主雨带的形成过程   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

蔡尔诚 《河南气象》2001,(1):6-8

我国夏季主雨带的形成，是从上一年夏季开始的，共经历3个阶段，（1）上一年5－9月副热带西风急流的孕育期，（2）10－3月西风急流发展期，（3）西风急流为西太平副热带高压替代期（本年5－9月）－主雨带形成，在3个阶段中，北半球大气加热场上制约西风急流变化的最活跃的因子，是高，中纬地区由流状低云和冰雪盖交替进行的冷却大气过程。  相似文献   

滇西地区中强地震的余震衰减     

钱晓东  秦嘉政  刘祖荫 《地震研究》2001,24(2):109-114

研究了滇西地区8次中强地震余震序列的衰减特征，得出了余震序列频度衰减符合修正的大森定律：（n）t=k/(t c)^p关系；余震衰减的快慢与大地热流值成正相关关系；强余震前中、小余震活动会出现平静或增强现象，即频度残差小于（平静）或大于（增强）其二倍方差，且持续一段时间，其后发生强余震的可能性较大。  相似文献   

The level of deterrence provided by data from the SPITS seismometer array to possible violations of the Comprehensive Test Ban in the Novaya Zemlya region   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

David Bowers  Peter D. Marshall  Alan Douglas 《Geophysical Journal International》2001,146(2):425-438

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Three-dimensional Q structure in Jiashi earthquake region of Xinjiang     

Fan Ji-chang  Li Song-lin  Lai Xiao-ling  Deng Hong-zhao 《地震学报(英文版)》2001,14(6):611-619

3-D S-waveQ structure in Jiashi earthquake region is inverted based on the attenuation of seismic waves recorded from earthquakes in this region in 1998 by the Research Center of Exploration Geophysics (RCEG), CSB, and a rough configuration of deep crustal faults in the earthquake region is presented. First, amplitude spectra of S-waves are extracted from 450 carefully-chosen earthquake records, called observed amplitude spectra. Then, after instrumental and site effect correction, theoretical amplitude spectra are made to fit observed amplitude spectra with nonlinear damped least-squares method to get the observed travel time overQ, provided that earthquake sources conform to Brune’s disk dislocation model. Finally, by 3-D ray tracing method, theoretical travel time overQ is made to fit observed travel time overQ with nonlinear damped least-squares method. In the course of fitting, the velocity model, which is obtained by 3-D travel time tomography, remains unchanged, while onlyQ model is modified. When fitting came to the given accuracy, the ultimateQ model is obtained. The result shows that an NE-trending lowQ zone exists at the depths of 10–18 km, and an NW-trending lowQ zone exists at the depths of 12–18 km. These roughly coincide with the NE-trending and the NW-trending low velocity zones revealed by other scientists. The difference is that the lowQ zones have a wider range than the low velocity zones. Foundation item: Joint Seismological Science Foundation of China (957-07-414) and State Key Basic Research Development and Programming Project (95-13-02-02). Contribution No. RCEG200105, Research Center of Exploration Geophysics, China Seismological Bureau.  相似文献   

A study of design spectra based on attenuation relationship of ground motion     

NI Yong-jun  ZHU Xi 《地震学报(英文版)》2001,14(6):705-710

In recent years, more and more studies are focused on the performance in seismic design instead of the strength of structures. People have realized that the structure deformation (displacement) can describe the damage more properly and directly than the strength (force). The displacement design spectra need to be constructed within more wide range of the period and the damping for the displacement-based seismic design.  相似文献   

Evolutionary properties of stochastic models of earthquake accelerograms: Their dependence on magnitude and distance     

J. Alamilla  L. Esteva  J. García-Pérez  O. Díaz-López 《Journal of Seismology》2001,5(1):1-21

An approach to generate artificial earthquakeaccelerograms on hard soil sites is presented. Eachtime-history of accelerations is considered as arealization of a non-stationary gaussian stochasticprocess, with statistical parameters depending onmagnitude and source-to-site distance. In order tolink the values of these parameters for each groundmotion record with the corresponding magnitude andsource-to-site distance, semi-empirical functionalrelations called generalized attenuationfunctions are determined. The set of realground-motion time histories used to obtain thesefunctions correspond to shocks generated at differentsources and recorded at different sites in thevicinity of the southern coast of Mexico. The resultsshow significant dispersion in the parameters of themodel adopted, which reflect that associated with thereal earthquakes included in the sample employed.The problem of conditional simulation of artificialacceleration time histories for prescribed intensitiesis briefly presented, but its detailed study is leftfor a companion paper. The criteria and modelsproposed are applied to generate two families ofartificial acceleration records for recurrenceintervals of 100 and 200 years at a specific sitelocated in the region under study. The results shownin this article correspond to acceleration timehistories recorded on firm ground for earthquakesgenerated at the subduction zone that runs along thesouthern coast of Mexico, and cannot be generalized tocases of earthquakes generated at other sources orrecorded at other types of local conditions. Thismeans that the methods and functional forms presentedhere are applicable to these other cases, but thevalues of the parameters that characterize thosefunctions may differ from those presented here.  相似文献